23 March 1998
Source:
http://www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/aces/aaces002.html
[Federal Register: March 23, 1998 (Volume 63, Number 55)]
[Notices]
[Page 13842]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr23mr98-46]
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
Office of the Secretary
Change to the DoD 6055.9-STD, ``Department of Defense Ammunition
and Explosives Safety Standards''
AGENCY: Department of Defense.
ACTION: Notice of change.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB) is
announcing Board-approved changes to DoD 6055.9-STD, dated August 1997.
The DDESB is taking this action pursuant to its statutory authority
as set forth in Title 10, United States Code, Section 172 (10 U.S.C.
172) and DoD Directive 6055.9, ``Explosives Safety Board (DDESB) and
DoD Component Explosives Safety Responsibilities,'' July 1996. The
Standard is applicable to the Office of the Secretary of the Defense,
the Military Departments (including the Army and Air Force National
Guards), the Defense Special Weapons Agency, the Defense Logistics
Agency, the Coast Guard (when under DoD control) and other parties who
produce or manage ammunition or explosives under contract to the DoD.
Through DoD 6055.9-STD, the DDESB establishes minimum explosives safety
requirements for storing and handling ammunition and explosives. Copies
of the Standard may be obtained from the U.S. Department of Commerce,
National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road,
Springfield, VA 27161. The change will also be available at the NTIS
when approved by the Washington Headquarters Services for publication.
The Board-approved change, which includes requirements for storage of
waste military munitions, will also be available at the NTIS when
published. Since the change can not be published as part of this Notice
and in order to relay the change to the States as soon as possible, the
Department of Defense has made the Board-approved change available at
the following Web address:
http://www.acq.osd.mil/ens/esb/decision.html. [copy below]
For more detailed information on specific aspects of
this change, contact Ray Sawyer by calling (703) 325-8625 or by writing
to Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board, 2461 Eisenhower
Avenue, Room 856-C, Alexandria, VA 22331-0600.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Dating back to 1928 when Congress directed
the Secretaries of the military departments to establish a joint board
officers to ``keep informed on stored supplies of ammunition and
components thereof * * *, with particular regard to keeping those
supplies properly dispersed and stored and to preventing hazardous
conditions from arising to endanger life and property inside or outside
of storage reservations,'' The DDESB has periodically revised or
updated the Standard based on new scientific or technical information
and explosive safety experience. The implementation of a change in DoD
6055.9-STD does not depend on formal publication of the change. The
change to the Standard is effective when adopted by the Board, or as
the Board may otherwise direct. In order to ensure compliance, the
Services and Defense Agencies modify their Service or Agency
implementing procedures and standards accordingly. This change to the
August 1997 version of DoD 6055.9-STD incorporates decisions the DDESB
made at its 315th meeting held on January 21-22, 1998 and by DDESB
memorandum dated January 13, 1998.
The changes included herein address the following:
Expands and clarifies the criteria for the location of barricades
between exposed sites and potential explosion sites for protection from
fragments and overpressure.
Clarifies requirements for waivers and exemptions.
Reduces the minimum fragment distance for Maritime Prepositioning
Ships.
Includes the requirement that installation quantity-distance maps
be reconciled with installation master planning documents.
Modifies the explosive equivalency of liquid oxygen (LO2)/liquid
hydrogen (LH2) for siting launch vehicles.
Address storage of waste munitions, that are included in a new
Chapter 14, additions to Chapter 8, ``Hazard Identification for Fire
Fighting' and Chapter 12, ``Real Property Contaminated With Explosives
or Chemical Agents,'' and new definitions added to Appendix A.
Dated: March 17, 1998.
L.M. Bynum,
Alternate OSD Federal Register Liaison Officer, Department of Defense.
[FR Doc. 98-7363 Filed 3-20-98; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 5000-04-M
Source: http://www.acq.osd.mil/ens/esb/decision.html
Approved Change to DoD 6055.9-STD, Table
9-18, Liquid Propellants Equivalents coordinated via correspondence.
[copy below]
The Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board held its 315th meeting on January 21-22, 1998 and took the following actions outlined in the memorandum below:
315th Board Meeting [copy below]
DDESB-KT
13 JAN 1998
MEMORANDUM FOR:
ARMY BOARD MEMBER, COL. JAMES KING, USA
NAVY BOARD MEMBER, CDR. BILL WRIGHT, USN
AIR FORCE BOARD MEMBER, MR. PAUL PRICE
MARINE CORPS BOARD MEMBER, MR. GARY CARLSON
SUBJECT: Approved Change to DoD 6055.9-STD, Table 9-18, Liquid Propellants Equivalents
References:
(a) HQ AFSC/SEW memorandum dated 11 , Aug 97 Subject: Proposed Change to DoD 6055.9-STD, Table 9-18, Liquid Propellant Explosive Equivalents
(b) DDESB-KT memorandum dated 27 Aug 97, same subject as reference (a)
(c) MCSC 8020 AM-EES memorandum dated 10 Sep 97, same subject as reference (a) (attached)
(d) DA Office of Chief of Staff memorandum received 7 Oct 97, same subject as reference (a) (attached)
(e) HQ AFSC/SEP memorandum dated 24 Oct 97, Subject: Proposed Change to DoD 6055.9-STD, Table 9-18, Liquid Propellant Explosive Equivalents (Your Memo, 27 Aug 97) (attached)
(f) DN CNO 8020 Ser N411C1/8U591107
memorandum dated 9 Jan 98, Subject: Liquid Propellant Explosive Equivalents
(attached)
The change to DoD 6055.9-STD, Table 9-18 for the explosive equivalency of liquid oxygen (LO2)/liquid hydrogen (LH2) for siting launch vehicles proposed by the Air Force in references (a) and (b) has been reviewed and approved by the Board Members by correspondence. The Board Member approvals are attached (references (c), (d), (e), and (f)).
The approved change, which will be incorporated in Change 1 to DoD 6055.9-STD (Aug 97), is stated as follows:
a. In Table 9-18, in the first two lines (for "LO2/LH2 or …" and "LO2/LH2 + LO2/RP-1"), in the columns pertaining to both "Static Test Stands" and "Range Launch," replace "60%" with "See Note 8."
b. To Table 9-18, add Note 8,
as follows:
The DDESB point of contact for this action is Dr. Jerry M. Ward, phone: DSN 221-2525, fax: (703) 325-6227, email: wardjm@hqda.army.mil.
/s/
W. RICHARD WRIGHT
Colonel, USA
Chairman
Attachments
As stated
cc:
Alternate Army Board member, Mr. Gary Abrisz
Alternate Navy Board member, Mr. Richard Eldridge
Alternate Air Force Board member, Col. Harold Camacho, USAF
Alternate Marine Corps member, Col. Marvin D. Hall, USMC
USATCES (Mr. William P. Yutmeyer)
NOC (Mr. Richard T. Adams)
DDESB-IK
MEMORANDUM FOR:
ARMY BOARD MEMBER, COLONEL JAMES KING, USA
NAVY BOARD MEMBER, COMMANDER BILL WRIGHT
AIR FORCE BOARD MEMBER, MR. PAUL PRICE
MARINE CORPS BOARD MEMBER, MR. GARY CARLSON
SUBJECT: 315TH Board Meeting
The Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board held its 315th meeting on January 21-22, 1998 and took the following actions:
a. The Board voted to approve the incorporation of a new Chapter 14, "Special Storage Procedures for Waste Military Munitions" into DoD 6055.9-STD as well as additions to Appendix A and to Chapters 8 and 12. The new chapter and additions are at attachment A.
b. The Board voted to table a proposed change to subsection B.2., Chapter 4,and to section A, Chapter 5, DoD 6055.9-STD that clarified current standards for glass windows in explosives operating areas. The Board tasked the Air Force to address the definition of an acceptable level of personnel hazard from glass fragments as well as address the issue of all buildings within IBD verses new or modified buildings with glass windows which should be analyzed for personnel hazards. They were requested to have a proposal by a tentative August 1998 Board Meeting.
c. The Board voted to approve changes to subsection C.1. through C.4., Chapter 5 and Table 9-5, Chapter 9, DoD 6055.9-STD. The changes clarify the Standard on the location of barricades between exposed sites and potential explosions sites for protection from fragments, as well as overpressure. The changes are at attachment B.
d. The Board voted to approve a change to subsection C.1, Chapter 1, DoD 6055.9-STD. The change will clarify requirements for waivers and exemptions and provides a definition of Secretarial Certification/Exemption. The change is at attachment C.
e. The Board voted to approve the change to subparagraph E.4.a.(2), Chapter 9, DoD 6055.9-STD. The change reduces the minimum fragment distance for maritime prepositioning ships to 3700 feet. The change is at attachment D.
f. The Board voted to approve the change to
subsection F.4., Chapter 5, DoD 6055.9-STD. The change is to include the
requirement that installation quantity-distance maps be reconciled with
installation master planning documents. The change is at
attachment E.
/s/
W. RICHARD WRIGHT
Colonel, USA
Chairman
/s/
/s/
James
King
Bill Wright
Colonel,
USA
Commander, USN
Army
Member
Navy Member
/s/
/s/
Paul
Price
Gary Carlson
Air Force
Member
Marine Corps Member
Attachments
as
CHAPTER 14
A. Scope and Applicability
1. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated the Munitions Rule (MR) (62 FR 6621, February 12, 1997) to define when chemical and conventional military munitions become hazardous waste and to provide for the safe storage and transportation of such waste. The MR sets forth two approaches for the storage of waste military munitions: (a) a Conditional Exemption (CE) from certain Resource Conservation; and Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements and (b) a new RCRA storage unit standard (i.e., Subpart EE, of Parts 264 and 265).
2. This Chapter establishes additional requirements for storage of waste military munitions.
B. Waivers and Exemptions
1. CE Storage. Waivers and exemptions from this Standard are not authorized for ammunition and explosives storage facilities (ammunition storage units {ASU}s) storing CE waste military munitions.
2. RCRA Storage. Waivers and exemptions from this Standard will only be available to units storing waste munitions under RCRA unit standards (e.g., Subpart EE). However, after 31 December 1999, the Military Department's Secretary responsible for safety, environment and installations, must approve all such waivers and exemptions, both existing and new. This approval may not be delegated.
C. Requirements for Storage of Waste Military Munitions under CE
1. DOD Components storing waste military munitions under CE must comply with 40 CFR 266.205(a). (Note: The MR established CE does not apply to chemical agents or chemical munitions.)
2. DOD Components will ensure that installations and responsible activities:
a. Maintain records, for a minimum of 3 years from the last day the waste munitions was stored, that describes:
(1) The type of waste military munitions stored by standard nomenclature, Lot Number, Federal Supply Class (FSC), National Stock Number (NSN), Department of Defense Ammunition Code (DODAC), and condition code.
(2) The quantity of each type waste military munitions stored.
(3) The date that each military munitions, by type, was identified as waste.
(4) The last storage date for each, by type, waste military munitions.
(5) The storage location or locations (e.g., building number or storage pad, and grid coordinates) used.
(6) The disposition (e.g., destroyed, demilitarized, shipped) and date of action, by type, of the waste munitions.
(7) When applicable, the sending and receiving sites for those waste military munitions received from or shipped to off-site sources.
b. Physically separate (e.g., on a separate pallet or shelf, etc.) waste military munitions from non-waste military munitions when both are stored in the same ASU.
c. Clearly mark the segregated waste military munitions to ensure proper identification.
d. Store waste munitions under CE in ASUs that comply (without waiver or exemption) with the provisions of this standard. Each ASU storing waste military munitions or explosives under CE must be included in a DDESB-approved explosives safety site plan that the installation keeps on file. Those portions of the site plan addressing ASUs storing waste military munitions under CE shall be made available to appropriate Federal or State environmental regulatory authority upon request.
e. Have Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) or plans, per Chapter 8, Section F, which are designed to provide safety, security, and environmental protection. These plans will be coordinated with the appropriate Federal, state, and local emergency response authorities (e.g., law enforcement, fire departments, hospitals, and etc.) and established planning committees.
3. Loss of CE:
a. The unpermitted or uncontrolled detonation, release, discharge, or migration (e.g., loss or theft, or as a result of fire or explosion, etc.) of waste military munitions out of any storage unit that might endanger human health or the environment will result in the immediate loss of CE for those waste military munitions. Incidents of this nature and the loss of CE require reporting per paragraph E below.
b. The appropriate Federal or State environmental regulatory authorities may withdraw CE based on review or inspection of the installation's or responsible activity's compliance with the requirements for storage of waste military munitions under CE. The DOD Components may, at any time, restrict an activity from using CE. In addition, the DDESB (or DOD Components), upon discovery of a condition that could warrant loss of CE, will report the condition to the appropriate Component and to the commander of the installation or responsible activity.
c. If CE is lost, the waste military munitions are subject to other RCRA hazardous waste regulations. The installation or responsible activities must obtain any required RCRA permits because of the loss of CE. d. Installations and responsible activities may apply for reinstatement of CE per 40 CFR 266.205(c).
D. Other Storage Standards
1. DOD
Components will forward to the Chairman, DDESB, a copy of their
Component-implementing standards or regulation pertaining to the storage
of waste military munitions.
2. Many States regulate waste management activities, including the storage of waste military munitions. In the event such State regulations conflict with DDESB or DOD Component explosives safety standards, the affected Component shall attempt to resolve the conflict. For those issues that cannot be resolved, the DOD Components shall notify the Chairman, DDESB, through their Board member, of any irreconcilable conflict of State law, regulation, or directive with these or other DOD or Military Component explosives safety standards. The Chairman, DDESB, will review the law, regulation, or directive for any potential impact on explosives safety and will assist the DOD Component, in coordination with the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Environmental Security) (DUSD{ES}), in resolving such regulatory conflicts. Nothing in this paragraph shall affect the component's right to seek review of the state law, regulation, or directive in a court of competent jurisdiction.
E. Reporting
In addition to other applicable reporting requirements, installations and responsible activities will notify their chain of command, the DDESB Chairman (through DOD Component channels), the appropriate Federal or State environmental regulatory authority, and established local committees as follows:
1.
Telephonically or, in the case of the DOD Component and DDESB, electronically
(by e-mail message or facsimile and using the format specified in
Chapter 13) within 24 hours from the time the installation or responsible
activity becomes aware of any unpermitted or uncontrolled detonation, release,
discharge, or migration of waste military munitions out of any storage unit
(e.g., loss or theft, or as a result of fire or explosion, etc.) that may
endanger human health or the environment; and
2. In writing, if the initial report was telephonic, within 5 days from the time the installation or responsible activity becomes aware of any unpermitted or uncontrolled detonation, release, discharge, or migration of waste military munitions out of any storage unit (e.g., loss or theft, or as a result of fire or explosion, etc.) that may endanger human health or the environment. Follow-up reports to the DOD Component and DDESB are only required when pertinent information, which was not previously reported, becomes known. Such reports, to include a report of investigation, will comply with the requirements of Chapter 13.
F. Closure of Facilities Storing Waste Munitions under CE
1. In addition to the explosives safety requirements of Chapter 12:
a. When an ASU that stored waste military munitions under CE is permanently taken out of service for the storage of non-waste and waste military munitions, installations and responsible activities will ensure that such ASUs are appropriately closed.
b. Installations or responsible activities must notify the appropriate Federal or State environmental regulatory authority in writing at least 45 days before the closure activities begin. Initiation of these closure procedures should occur within 180 days after the date the decision is made to permanently stop using the ASU for the storage of military munitions.
c. Upon completion of closure activities, a "certification of closure," signed by the installation or responsible activity commander, or other equivalent level authority, and by an independent (i.e., an individual not assigned within the commander's or equivalent-level authority's chain of command) registered professional engineer must be submitted to the appropriate Federal or State environmental regulatory authority within 90 days of completing the closure activities.
d. The certificate of closure must state, at a minimum, that each of the explosives safety requirements set out in Chapter 12, C.5 have been met and that waste military munitions and residues are removed in such a manner as to protect the public and the environment consistent with the planned use of the ASU and of the property.
e. If closure certification cannot be rendered, the installation or responsible activity must contact the appropriate Federal and State environmental regulatory agency to determine the appropriate course of action.
2. Discontinuance of Use for the Storage of Waste Munitions
When an ASU that stored waste military munitions under CE is permanently taken out of service for the storage of waste military munitions but is to continue in service for the storage of non-waste military munitions, installations and responsible activities will ensure that waste military munitions and residues are removed.
G. Closure of Facilities Storing Waste Military Munitions
under RCRA In addition to those explosives safety requirements in Chapter
12, C5, closure procedures for those sites operating under existing RCRA
permits will follow those closure requirements stipulated in the respective
permit.
Add to the terms and definitions in Appendix A, Glossary, DOD 6055.9-Std:
Ammunition storage unit (ASU): All types of explosives storage magazines including outdoor or indoor, open storage areas, sheds, bunkers, and earth-covered and above-ground magazines.
Conditional Exemption (CE): An exemption from the regulatory definition of hazardous waste (and therefore from compliance with specific environmental requirements pertaining to the storage of hazardous waste) conditioned on compliance with certain criteria requirements as set forth in 40 CFR 266.205.
Chemical munitions and agents: An agent or munition that through its chemical properties, produces lethal or other damaging effects to human beings, except that such term does not include riot control agents, chemical herbicides, smoke and other obscuration materials. [40 CFR §266.201 and 50 USC §1521 (j) (1)]
Military munitions: All ammunition products and components produced or used by or for the U.S. Department of Defense or the U.S. Armed Services for national defense and security, including military munitions under the control of the Department of Defense, the U.S. Coast Guard, the U.S. Department of Energy, and National Guard personnel. The term military munitions includes: confined gaseous, liquid, and solid propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics, chemical and riot control agents, smokes, and incendiaries used by DOD components, including bulk explosives and chemical warfare agents, chemical munitions, rockets, guided and ballistic missiles, bombs, warheads, mortar rounds, artillery ammunition, small arms ammunition, grenades, mines, torpedoes, depth charges, cluster munitions and dispensers, demolition charges, and devices and components thereof. Military munitions do not include wholly inert items, improvised explosive devices, and nuclear weapons, nuclear devices, and nuclear components thereof. However, the term does include non-nuclear components of nuclear devices, managed under DOE's nuclear weapons program, after all required sanitizing operations under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, have been completed. (40 CFR §260.10)
Waste military munition: A military munition is a "waste" if it is either a solid or hazardous waste under regulations implementing RCRA, (42 U.S.C. Section 9601 et seq.) or defined as a waste under a DOD Component's formal written policies and procedures. In general:
1. An unused military munition is a solid waste when any of the following occurs:
a. The munition is abandoned by being disposed of, burned, detonated (except during intended use), incinerated, or treated prior to disposal; or
b. The munition is removed from storage in a military magazine or other storage area for the purpose of being disposed of, burned, or incinerated, or treated prior to disposal, or
c. The munition is deteriorated or damaged (e.g., the integrity of the munition is compromised by cracks, leaks, or other damage) to the point that it cannot be put into serviceable condition, and cannot reasonably be recycled or used for other purposes; or
d. An authorized military official has declared the munition a solid waste.
2. A used or fired military munition is a solid waste:
a. When transported off range or from the site of use, where the site of use is not a range, for the purposes of storage, reclamation, treatment, disposal, or treatment prior to disposal; or
b. If recovered, collected, and then disposed of by burial, or landfilling either on or off a range.
3. For purposes of RCRA section 1004(27), a used or fired military munition is a solid waste, and, therefore, is potentially subject to RCRA corrective action authorities under section 3004(u) and (v), and section 3008 (h), or imminent and substantial endangerment authorities under section 7003, if the munition lands off-range and is not promptly rendered safe and/or retrieved. Any imminent and substantial threats associated with any remaining material must be addressed. If remedial action is not feasible, the operator of the range must maintain a record of the event for as long as any threat remains. The record must include the type of munition and its location (to the extent the location is known). For further clarification see 40 CFR 266.202 under Definition of Solid Waste.
Change to Chapter 8:
Amend the title of the chapter to "AND EMERGENCY PLANNING"
F. Emergency Planning
Installations or responsible activities will develop Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) or plans designed to provide safety, security, and environmental protection. Plans will be coordinated with the appropriate Federal, state, and local emergency response authorities (e.g., law enforcement, fire departments, hospitals, and etc.) and any established Local Emergency Planning Committees (LEPC). At a minimum, these SOPs or plans shall include:
1. Specific sections and guidance that address emergency preparedness, contingency planning, and security. With respect to security, these SOPs or plans will include provisions that limit access to trained and authorized personnel;
2. Procedures that minimize the possibility of a unpermitted or uncontrolled detonation, release, discharge, or migration of military munitions or explosives out of any storage unit when such release, discharge, or migration may endanger human health or the environment;
3. Provisions for prompt notification to emergency response and environmental agencies and the potentially affected public in the event of an actual or potential detonation or uncontrolled release, discharge, or migration (that may endanger human health or the environment).
4. Provisions for complying with the Emergency Planning Community Right-To-Know Act (EPCRA), Section 302-312 and DOD or Component implementing policies.
Change to Chapter 12:
C.5. Termination of Use of Facilities Storing Ammunition and Explosives
Each storage facility no longer used to store ammunition and explosives must undergo a process to ensure ammunition and explosives and any visible explosives residues are removed within 180 days from the last use of the storage facility. These procedures help ensure that no threats to human health or the environment remain when the unit is no longer to be used to store ammunition and explosives. (Note: Ammunitions storage units (ASU)s that have been used to store waste military munitions must also comply with the closure procedures in Chapter 14, Section F.) These procedures will include:
a. Emptying the storage facility of all ammunition and explosives and related materials.
b. Cleaning the storage facility, as required, to remove any visible explosives residue.
c. Visually Inspecting the storage facility for the presence of remaining ammunition or explosives or visible explosives residue by a knowledgeable individual that the installation or responsible activity commander appoints.
d. Removing from the storage facility all fire and chemical hazard symbols and marking the storage facility as empty.
e. Securing the storage facility to prevent inadvertent use or access.
f. Notifying the appropriate emergency response and regulatory authorities of the change in the storage facility's use.
g. Recording the date the storage facility was inspected,
the name and position of the inspector, and the results in permanent real
estate records.
C. Barricades and earth cover for magazines
1. General
a. Properly constructed and sited barricades or undisturbed natural earth have explosives safety applications for protecting against low-angle fragments and for reducing shock overpressure loads near the barricade. If the barricade is destroyed in the process of providing this protection, then fragments from the destroyed barricade must also be considered as part of a hazards analysis.
b. To mitigate hazards from high-velocity, low-angle fragments, the barricade must be placed between the PES and ES so that the fragments of concern impact the barricade before the ES. The barricade must be thick enough so that it reduces fragment velocities to acceptable levels and it must be high enough so that it intercepts the ballistic trajectories of the fragments of concern. Barricades are given no credit for providing protection against high-angle fragments
c. A barricade placed between a PES and ES interrupts the direct line-of-site propagation of the shock wave. If the barricade has sufficient dimensions and is located close enough to the ES, significant reductions in shock loading to selected areas of the ES may be realized.
2. Designs and Construction Materials
a. Army drawing 149-30-01 shows several conceptual designs and construction materials for barricades.
b. Materials for earthen barricades (including the earth-cover over magazines) shall be reasonably cohesive (solid or wet clay or similar types of soil may not be used as they are too cohesive) and free from deleterious organic matter, trash, debris, and stones heavier than 10 pounds or larger than 6 inches in diameter. The larger stones shall be limited to the lower center of fills and will not be used for earth cover over magazines. The earthen material will be compacted and prepared as necessary for structural integrity and erosion control. If it is impossible to use a cohesive material, for example, in sandy soil, the barricade or the earth cover over magazines shall be finished with a suitable material to ensure structural integrity.
c. Unless means are provided to control erosion, the slope of an earthen barricade must be 2 horizontal to 1 vertical. Presently approved earthen barricades having slopes no greater than 1-1/2 horizontal to 1 vertical remain approved.
d. The earth fill or earth cover between igloo magazines may be either solid or sloped, but a minimum of 2 feet or earth cover shall be maintained over the top of each magazine
e. Underground storage facilities present special conditions that must be accounted for in portal barricade design. Specific criteria for location and construction of portal barricades for these facilities are found in subsection C.5., below
3. Protection against high-speed, low-angle fragments
For protection against high-velocity, low-angle fragments, determine the height, length, and location of a barricade as follows:
a. Height. Establish a reference point at the top of the far edge of one of the two stacks under consideration between which the barricade is to be constructed. This reference point, if the top of the stacks are not at the same elevation, shall be on the stack whose top is at the lower elevation. Draw a line from the reference point to the highest point of the other stack. Draw a second line from the reference point forming an angle of 2 degrees above the line. To preclude building excessively high barricades, the barricade should be located as close as possible to the stack on which the reference point was established. When the stacks are of equal height, the reference point may be established on either stack. See Figure 5-2.
b. Length. The length of the barricade shall be determined as shown in Figure 5-3.
c. Location. For protection against high-velocity, low-angle fragments a barricade may be placed anywhere between the PES and ES where conditions on its height and length are satisfied.
4. Overpressure mitigation
General procedures to predict pressure mitigation versus barricade design and location have not been developed. However, based on direct experimental work, the overpressure loading on a surface area shielded by a barricade is reduced by 50% when the following length, height, and location conditions are satisfied:
a. Location. The barricade's standoff must be within two barricade heights of the protected area.
b. Height. The top of the barricade must be at least as high as the top of the protected area. C. Width. The width of the barricade must be at least two times the width of the protected area.
Table 95. Intermagazine Hazard Factors and Distances for Hazard Division 1.1.
Use Part A of this table to find the hazard factor, K, corresponding to the type of PES and ES. Use the column for this hazard factor in Part B to determine the appropriate distance for the net explosive weight in the PES.
Legend: S - Side; R - Rear; F - Front; B - Barricaded; U - Unbarricaded; ECM - Earth-covered Magazine
AG - Aboveground; PES -Potential Explosion Site; ES - Exposed Site.
| ECM2, (7 Bar) | ||||||||||||||||||
| ECM, (3 Bar) | ||||||||||||||||||
| ECM, (Undefined) | ||||||||||||||||||
| AG Magazine3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Modules and/or Cells | ||||||||||||||||||
Notes:
1 Except as noted, K-factors for ECM's and AG Magazines are applicable for NEW up to 500,000 lb. in the PES. NEW in a Module and/or Cell is limited to 250,000 lb..
2 Descriptions of the earth-covered magazines are in subsection B of Chapter 5.
3 Aboveground magazines are all types of above grade (not earth-covered) magazines or storage pads.
4 These barricades serve to mitigate both fragment and overpressure hazards. See Chapter 5, Paragraph C for their requirements.
5 Use this K-factor for NEW in PES up to 250,000 lb..
6 Use this K-factor for NEW in PES above 250,000 lb..
7 Modules and/or Cells are defined in Chapter 5, Section
B.3
(a) For siting applications involving overpressure, no credit is given for a barricade to the front of an ECM acting as a PES. When acting as an ES, the same ECM with a barricade to its front may be sited as a barricaded ES.
(b) For siting applications involving overpressure, no credit is given for a barricade to the front of an aboveground magazine acting as a PES. When acting as an ES, the same aboveground magazine with a barricade to its front may be sited as a barricaded ES.
(c) See Chapter 5, Paragraph C.3. for siting applications involving fragments.
SECRETARIAL RECOMMENDATION: Recommend that the Board approve the proposed changes underlined in paragraph C.1 and the definition of Secretarial Exemption/Certification which would be new paragraph C.1.c:
1. General. The ammunition and explosives safety standards herein are designed to manage the risks associated with ammunition and explosives by providing protection against serious injury, loss of life, and damage to property but are not intended to be so rigid as to prevent the DoD Components from accomplishing their assigned missions. Consequently, when deviating from these standards, proper authority within the DoD Component must accept the added risk to personnel and property against the strategic and other compelling reasons that necessitate such deviations. This added risk to personnel and property must be analyzed and documented to include methods used to reduce the risk to a level acceptable to the DoD Component approval authority.
c. Secretarial Exemption/Certification is authority granted by the Service Secretary to deviate from the requirements of this Standard for existing situations or allow new potential explosion sites and/or new exposed sites. These must be reviewed at intervals not to exceed five years to validate strategic or compelling operational requirements and ensure the identification of risks and exposures.
This 3700 feet represents a total net explosive weight of 1,300,000 pounds and increased by a safety factor of 25 percent to 1,625,000 pounds. The difference between PTN and MPTN is that PTN includes 100 percent of the fragments that pass through a sector in the aerial number density count for a recovery sector, whereas MPTN only uses 33 1/3 percent of the fragments. Utilizing MPTN, the range at which one hazardous fragment per 600 feet squared was determined to be 3630 feet.
Recommend the following change to DoD 6055.9-STD Chapter 9, paragraph E.4.a.(2) be approved:
Current language "Inhabited building distance and public traffic route Q-D arcs for applicable MPS can be determined using K = 40.85 with a 4,400 feet minimum fragment distance for inhabited building distance and K = 24.01 for public traffic route distance for MPS loads where no more than 52 percent of the NEW is Hazard Division 1.1 material. Above 52 percent, the K factor increases as shown in Table 9-15 Columns 2 and 3. Table 9-1 applies when Hazard Division 1.1 material increases above 65 percent of the NEW."
Proposed language "Inhabited building distance and public traffic route Q-D arcs for applicable MPS can be determined using K = 40.85 with a 3,700 feet minimum fragment distance for inhabited building distance and K = 24.01 for public traffic route distance for MPS loads where no more than 52 percent of the NEW is Hazard Division 1.1 material. Above 52 percent, the K factor increases as shown in Table 9-15 Columns 2 and 3. Table 9-1 applies when Hazard Division 1.1 material increases above 65 percent of the NEW."
Note: Proposed change is underlined.
SECRETARIAT RECOMMENDATION: Recommend that the Board approve the following
sentence be added to Paragraph F.4 in Chapter 5:
Installation maps and drawings showing quantity-distance arcs shall be
kept current with the latest site plan approvals and reconciled with the
Installation's Master Planning Documents.