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8 February 1999
Source:
http://www.navcen.uscg.mil/marcomms/CGCOMMS/GLOSSARY.TXT
Commandant (G-TTM)
U.S. Coast Guard 22 Nov 1995
Washington DC 20593
Coast Guard Telecommunications ACRONYMS
A/D Analog to Digital
A/K Matrix Audio and keyline switching matrix device.
AAC Authorization & Access Control
AAL ATM Adaptation Layer - a protocol that adapts xfer
characteristics of the ATM "layer" to the needs of
higher-layer protocols or network services.
AAL Type 1 a protocol designed to meet the needs of CDR
network services. Uses 1 octet per cell payload to support unstructured
circuit transport (UCT).
AAL Type 3/4 protocol defined to support the needs of SMDS
connectionless service. Uses combo of 4 octets per cell
payload and 8 octets per frame to provide its functions.
ABS Automatic Broadcast Scheduler
AC&I Acquisition, Construction & Improvement
ACC Access Control Center (w/Blacker)
Access Line Portion of a leased line that permanently connects
the user w/serving central office (CO).
ACCUNET AT&T data-oriented digital service
ACI Adjacent Channel Interference
ACK control code for a positive ACKnowledgment of rcvd
transmission
ACS Alternate Control Station
ACTS Advance Communications Technology Satellite
ADP Automated Data Processing
ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation
AFSAT Air Force Satellite System
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AGT AUTODIN Gateway Terminal - A comms-computer system that interfaces the
MDT with an ASC. (also see Gateguard)
AJ Anti-Jam
ALE Automatic Link Establishment
AM Amplitude Modulation
AMME Army Automated Multi-media Message Exchange
AMPE Automated Message Processing Equipment
ANDVT Advanced Narrowband Digital Voice Terminal (KYV-5)
ANSI American National Standards Institute
Application Layer the 7th & topmost layer of the "OSI Stack" that interfaces
to the network user
APR Agency Procurement Request
Architecture a framework the describes how the components of a system fit
together
ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency
ARQ Automatic Repeat ReQuest, method of automatic error correction used for
handshake of SITOR terminals in point to point communications to insure
accurate communications.
ASC Automatic Switching Center (ie: AUTODIN ASC)
ASCII American National Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASDS ACCUNET Spectrum of Digital Services, a fractional T1 service tariffed by
AT&T
ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
ASK Amplitude Shift Keying
Asynchronous data transmission that isn't related to specific freq or
timing. Start/Stop transmission - bytes encapsulated w/start-stop bits
AT&T American Telephone & Telegraph
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode - a form a packet switching; a subset of cell
relay that uses 53 byte cells as the basic transport unit. A high speed
transmission technology - cell switching and multiplexing technology. Key
concept is that all information is carried in short, fixed-length blocks
called "cells".
AUTODIN AUTOmatic Digital Information Network, DOD secure record message
system for teletype data.
AUTOVON Automatic Voice Network
AWACS Airborne Early Warning & Control System
B8ZS Bipolar 8-Zero Substitution
B-ISDN Broadband Integrated Services Digital Data Network
Backbone a network designed to interconnect lower speed channels
BACS Bay Area Communications System. A Microwave system extending from
Monterey to Humbolt Bay controlled by D11 and maintained by SUPRTCEN Alameda
providing telephone and data services.
Bandwidth The range of frequencies a device can handle. (For a digital circuit
it is the "bit speed" (BPS) governing the rate at which individual bits are
carried.
BCST Broadcast - transmitting to all users at once.
BER Bit Error Rate
BFES Blacker Front Ends (on Milnet)
BFSK Binary Frequency Shift Keying
BICI Broadband Inter-Carrier Interface (lets ATM services of public carriers
interrelate)
BLACKER NSA Cryptographic device (X.25)
BLOS Beyond Line of Sight
BPS Bits Per Second - measure of speed at which information is transferred.
BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying
BPV Bipolar Violation
Bridge An internetworking device that connects LANS together at the Media
Access Control (MAC) or LINK layer of the OSI model (bottom two layers). They
are typically cheaper and easier to install and manage than routers.
Transparent bridges look at every packet on one network and forward those
packets destined for another network through the appropriate port.
Source-routing bridges use special info embedded inside the packet by the orig
device to forward the frame toward the packets destination.
Broadband supporting a wide range of frequencies.
Bus a LAN topology where all interconnected computers are aware of all
transmissions, but each computer receives only those transmissions addressed
to it.
C2 Command & control
C3(I) Command, Control, Communications (& Intelligence)
C4(I) Command, Control, Computers, Communications & Intelligence
C&A Certification & Accreditation
CAMS Communications Area Master Station.
CAMSLANT Communications Area Master Station AtLANTic, operational control of
COMMSTAs in their Area. Chesapeake, VA
CAMSPAC Communications Area Master Station PACific,operational control of
COMMSTAs in their Area. Point Reyes, CA
CAP Component Approval Process (DMS)
CARRIER Public/Common provider of communications facility
CASREP Casualty Report: sent to operational commander on equipment/system
casualty. NWP10 provides requirements for message and format.
CASCOR Casualty Corrected: Report sent to operational commander on
equipment/system casualty correction. NWP10 provides requirements for message
and format.
CBR Constant Bit Rate
CCITT Consultative Committee; International Telegraph and Telephone
CCC Clear Channel Capacity - ability use use the entire 64Kbs channel without
the 8Kb overhead (resulting effective data rate at 56Kbs)
CCS Communications Control System, an automated COMMSTA equipment control
system.
CAP Component Approval Process
CDAN Component Deployment Approval Notice
CDM Code Division Multiplexing
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
Cell a fixed-length unit of data
Cellular A radio comms technology where coverage areas are defined by "cells"
and low power frequencies are used.
CGDN Coast Guard Data Network, a CG wide data network on SPRINTNET for EMAIL,
data and message transfer. Was called HDN or X.25.
Channel Logical or physical connection between two end points
Channel Groups Multiple NxDSO's
circuit switching an "open pipe" technique that establishes a temporary
dedicated connection between two points.
CISS Center for Information Systems Security
Clear Channel Capability Ability to use all 64 KBps of a DS0 for
user data
Cloud A homogenous data network. The "public network" (you don't know
where it goes, as long as it comes out the other end)
CMS Communications Security Material System: accountability system for
cryptographic materials
CMW Compartmented Mode Workstation
CO Telephone company Central Office
COAX Coaxial cable
COMDAC Electronic sensor, weapons and display system used on 270 foot WMEC.
COMPUSEC Computer Security
COMSAT Communications Satellite
COMSEC Communications Security
COMMSTA COMmunication STAtion
CONOPS CONcept of OPerationS
CONUS Continental United States
COTS Commercial Off-the-shelf
CP Crypto-Peripheral (see WSP)
CPE Customer Premise Equipment
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Code
CRL Certificate Revocation List (related to DMS)
Crossbanding Translating a signals frequency from one major band to another
(ie. EHF to UHF)
CRTT CAMSPAC keyed, Secure Pacific Radio Teletype broadcast. CAMSPAC
simultaneously keys transmitters in Honolulu and Kodiak, AK.
CRYPTO A device to encrypt or decrypt voice or data transmissions.
CSMA Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
CSU Channel Service Unit: equipment that terminates the long distance
circuit in the customers location. Often paired with a digital service unit
(DSU).
CUDIXS Common User Digital Information Exchange System
CW Continuous Wave Morse Code transmission.
CWO Communications Watch Officer.
D4 T1 framing technique dividing T1 into 24 channels, a D4 frame being 192 x
8000 / 24 = 64 Kbps or a DS0
D/A Digital to Analog
DAA Designated Approving Authority
DACS Digital Access and Cross-Connect System
DAMA Demand Assigned Multiplex Access - Multiplexing system for Satellite
Communications to operate several different types of information over one
Satellite channel.
Datagram a finite length packet with sufficient information to be routed from
source to destination independently of previous transmissions
dB Decibel
dBM Decibels referred to 1 Milliwatt of Power
DBMS DataBase Management System
DBOF Defense Budget Operating Fund
dBW Decibel referenced to 1 watt
DBPSK Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying
DCA Defense Communications Agency
DCS Defense Communications System
DDN Defense Data Network - X.25 common user packet switched communications
network
DDP Distributed Data Processing
DDS Dataphone Digital Service - a carrier offering that uses 2.4-56 Kbs
DEC Digital Electronics Corporation, computer manufacturer.
Dedicated Lines A private, leased or owned, communications path
between specific sites.
Demod Demodulator: A device to convert received teletype audio tones to
teletype data.
Demux Demultiplex
DES Commercial Digital Encryption Standard, encryption method used for voice
or data for UNCLASSIFIED sensitive information. NOT AUTHORIZED for classified
information.
DDN Defense Digital Network for high speed DOD data systems.
DDS Digital Data Service
DGG Defense Global Grid
Dialup A communications path through a telephone line using tones to
establish the connection
Digital Data Connections Three types:
(1) Circuit Switched: similar to std phone line, dial
up-xfer data-hang up.
(2) Leased Lines: permanent circuit connections that are
always available without any required setup time.
(3) Packet Switched:
(a) X.25: "low speed"/low volume w/lots of error
checking
(b) Frame Relay: "stripped down" version of X.25,
w/higher speed, less error checking
DII Defense Information Infrastructure
DISA Defense Information Systems Agency
DISN Defense Information System Network (replacement for DDN)
provides global multi-media connectivity
Distributed Backbone Topology A network configuration where local sites connect
to other sites through intermediate, higer capacity sites.
DITSO Defense Information Technology Services Organization
DMS Defense Messaging System - Replacement for AUTODIN - Secure,
multilevel (U-TS/SCI) desktop to desktop message system.
Key components of the DMS X.400 Message Handling System
(MHS) are:
MTA - Message Transfer Agent
UA - User Agent (an application that provides users access to
the MTS
OUA - Organizational User Agent - version of UA that provides
release authentication and message distribution for
organizational messages
MS - Message Stores (mailbox)
MLA - Mail List Agent
MTS - Message Transfer System (a network of MTA's)
Key components of the DMS X.500 Directory Services (which provide
source for Originator/Recipient (O/R) addresses (& public key) are:
DUA - Directory User Agent (user interface to the
directory resident in each user workstation)
DSA - Directory Ststem Agent (application provides access to the
distributed information base
DOD Department of Defense
DONCAF Department of the Navy Central Adjudication Facility, Washington
Navy Yard for background investigation adjudications and security clearances.
DPA Departmental Procurement Approval (by DOT for big $$$)
DPCM Differential Pulse Code Modulation
DPSK Differential Phase Shift Keying
DS0 Digital Signal, Level 0 (64 Kbps)
DS1 Digital Signal, Level 1 (1.544 Mbps)
DS3 Digital Signal, Level 3 (44.736 Mbps)
DSA Directory System Agent
DSCS Defense Satellite Communications System
DSI Digital Speech Interpolation
DSN Defense Switching Network, DOD telephone system for voice and low speed
data.
DSNET1 Defense Secure Network 1 - Secret Segment of DDN
DSNET2 Defense Secure Network 2 - Top Secret segment of DDN
DSNET3 Defense Secure Network 3 - SCI segment of DDN
DSS Digital Signature Standard (an NIST standard) (DMS)
DSU Digital Service Unit: a synchronous serial data inferface that buffers
and controls the flow of data between a network portal, such as a bridge or
router, and the channel service unit (CSU).
DTS Diplomatic Telecommunications Service
DUA Directory User Agent (DMS)
EAM Emergency Action Message (e.g. USAF Global EAM)
Earth Station A place where satellite signals are received and processed
EBLOS Extended Beyond Line of Sight
EC Earth Coverage
ECAC Electromagnetic Compatability Analysis Center, Annapolis, MD
ECCM Electronic Counter-Countermeasures
EDI Electronic Data Interchange
EECEN USCG Electronics Engineering Center, Wildwood, NJ
EEPROM Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol
EHF Extremely High Frequency ( >30 GHz )
EILSP Electronics Integrated Logistics Support Plan
EIP Embedded INFOSEC Product
EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power
EKMS Electronic Key Management System (EKMC Finksburg, MD)
ELF Extremely Low Frequency (0 - 3 KHz) Submarine traffic
ELF Encrypted Link Filter (Direct interface for e-mail and modem service for
SDN)
ELINT Electronic Intelligence
e-mail Electronic Mail
EMI ElectroMagnetic Interference
EMP ElectroMagnetic Pulse
ENCODE Add check bits to data stream to allow for error correction at
receiver.
ENCRYPT Scramble data to provice Communications Security
EOM End of Message
ERP Effective Radiated Powerl
ERPAL Electronics Repair Parts Allowance List
ES End System
ESF Extended Superframe Format - T1 line framing technique using 24 D4 frames
per ESF frame to provide "robust" line diagnostics, monitoring and control
ETHERNET A local area newtwork (fiber, twisted pair or coax) used to connect
computing devices
Facility Communications link or circuit
FAX Facsimile
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface - a fiber optic local area network (LAN)
connecting computing devices
FDDI-II a variation of FDDI that supports isochronous traffic
FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing
FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
FEC Forward Error Correction, used for the broadcast mode of SITOR.
Fiber Fiber Optic Cable
FIPS Federal Information Processing Standard
FLEETSATCOM Navy Satellite Communications System
Flow Control ability of network node to manage different data rates by means
of buffering schemes or by reducing the data flow from a sending station
FOC Full Operational Capability
FOW Forward Orderwire
Fractional T1 NxDS0 portion of T1 bandwidth
Frame Relay A high speed data "packet" transfer scheme; an upgrade of X.25
packet switching
FREQ. HOP Randomize transmission frequencies to provide AJ and LPI.
FRTT COMMSTA Boston keyed, Secure Atlantic Radio Teletype broadcast.
FSB DOD/USN Fleet Satellite Broadcast (UHF)
FSK Frequency Shift Keying, a method of data transmission by shifting a
center frequency to higher a lower frequencies creating marks and spaces.
FT1 fractional T1, individual 64Kb channels of the 1.54Mb T1
FTP File Transfer Protocol
FTAM File Transfer, Access & Management
FTS2000 GSA contract with AT&T to provide telephone and telephone networks
for non-DOD government agencies.
FY Fiscal Year
G Billion
GAIN Concentration of signal in preferred direction.
GATEGUARD
GATEWAY A device that interconnects dissimilar LAN's that employ different
high-level protocols
GBA Gimballed Antenna
GCCS Global Command & Control System
GDA Gimballed Dish Antenna
GEOS Geostationary Satellite. A satellite in a synchronous orbit above the
equator.
GHz Gigahertz - billions of cycles per second
Global Dial Tone A concept of universal, everywhere, anytime simple
to use communications.
GLORI Global Radio Interface
GOSIP Government Open Systems Interconnection Protocol.
Defines a common set of data communication protocols that enable systems
developed by different vendors to interoperate and users of different
applications on those systems to exchange information.
GOTS Government Off the Shelf
GMCC Gateway Monitoring & Control Center
GMDSS Global Maritime Distress and Safety System.
GPS Global Positioning System
Groom Efficient allocation/assignment of DS0's on T1
HDN Hybrid Data Network. (now CGDN)
HDN Heterogeneous Data Networks - Networks with dissimilar data formats.
HDR High Data Rate (Tx rate greater than 1.544 Mbps)
HEMP High Altitude Electro-magnetic Pulse
HF High Frequency (3 - 30 MHz or 3000 - 30000 KHz)
HFCW High Frequency Morse CW (3-30 MHz).
HFDL High Frequency Data Link; (Low volume) Mode for packet HF transmission
used by WPB, WLB, WAGB, and LORAN Stations for communications.
HFRWI High Frequency Radio Wireline Interface, Secure phone patch from
desktop STU-III to ship via HF or Satellite (Navy)
HHR High Hop Rate
HI-CAP Telephone Company reference to a T-1 digital circuit.
HOBA HOrizontal Broadband Antenna
HPA High Power Amp
HPBW Half Power Beam Width
HPCC High Performance Computing & Communications
Hz Hertz (aka: cycles per second)
I&A Identification & Authentication
I&T Integration & Test
I/O Input/Output
IADS International ACCUNET Digital Service
IBR Intermediate Bit Rate (see IDR)
IC Integrated Circuit
ICA Integrated Communications Architecture
ICD International Code Designator
IDR Intermediate Data Rate (64, 128, 255, 384, 512, 768 KBps)
IDSCP Initial Defense Satellite Communications Program
IEEE Institute for Electrical & Electronic Engineers
IEEE has letter designators to define certain frequency bands for convenience,
they are:
Desig Frequency Range
"A" 160-186 MHz
"G" 186-225 MHz
"P" 225-390 MHz
"L" 390-1550 MHz
"S" 1550-4200 MHz
"C" 4200-7000 MHz
"X" 7000-11000 MHz
"K" 11000-33000 MHz
"Q" 33000-46000 MHz
"V" 46000-56000 MHz
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IF Intermediate Frequency
IFL Inter-facility Link
IGRP Internet Gateway Routing Protocol
IHFDL Integrated High Frequency Data Link, used when the HFDL terminal is
communicating between ship and Group Office via the SDN without CAMS/COMMSTA
intervention.
ILSP Integrated Logistics Support Plan
IMO International Maritime Organization
INE In-line Network Encryptors
INMARSAT Internaional Mobile satellite Organization, was INternational
MARitime SATellite Organization, international company headquartered in London
providing analog and digital satellite communications at a tariffed rate.
COMSAT Inc. is the United States representative for this monopoly.
Intelligent Gateway A process that uses external variables to dynamic-
ally select communications paths. Translates data
formats between heterogeneous sub networks.
INTERNET A network that interconnects two or more other networks
Interoperable Ability to communicate between processes.
IOC Initial Operational Capability
IOC Inter-Office Channel
IP Internet Protocol
IPR In Process Review
IS Information System
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network - CCITT defined high speed digital
network
ISSA Inter-Service Support Agreement
ITDS Information Transfer Distribution System, used to transfer messages from
SSAMPS throughout the Coast Guard via CGDN. (Formerly called MTDS.)
ITSDN Integrated Tactical Secure Data Network
IXC Inter-Exchange Carrier
Isochronous equally timed; timing info is transmitted on the channel along
with date - sending asychronous data by synchronous means...sending asynch
characters between each pair of start and stop bits.
JRSC Jam Resistant Secure Communications
K Thousand
KBPS KiloBits Per Second (BPS x 1000)
KDC Key Distribution Center (Finksburg, MD operated by NSA)
KEA Key Encryption Algorithm
Keyer A device to convert teletype data to a 2000Hz audio tone with a
shift of either +/-85 or +/- 425Hz for transmission.
KG-84C CRYPTO box for decrypting and encrypting secure point to point RATT
circuits over HF. (GPEE)
KG-84A CRYPTO box for decrypting and encrypting secure point to point data
over landline. (GPEE)
KHz Kilohertz (cycles per second x 1000)
KRL Key Revocation List (related to DMS)
kW Kilo Watt (Watt x 1000)
KWT-46 CRYPTO box for encrypting secure RATT broadcasts. (Vallor system)
KWR-46 CRYPTO box for decrypting secure RATT broadcasts. (Vallor system)
KY-75 Old generation (PARKHILL) of Secure Voice CRYPTO being replaced by
KYV-5 (ANDVT).
KYV-5 New Secure Voice (ANDVT) CRYPTO that replaces KY-75 (PARKHILL).
L-band Frequency band from 390 MHz - 1550 MHz
LA Local Authority
LAN Local Area Network: Any data network that spans a local or limited
geographic area. (ie. office, building, campus environ) ownership by user
organization
LATA Local Access and Transport Area - local TELCO serving area
LATENCY The time it takes for data to transit from source to destination
LAW Local Authority Workstation - network security mgmt services ie.
programming "TESSERA" cards, loading keymat, & user authentication
certificates.
LCCE Life Cycle Cost Estimates
LDMX Navy Local Digital Message Exchange
LDR Low Data Rate (Tx rate 75-2400 bps)
LEASAT Leased Satellite
LEC Local Exchange Carrier
LEIS Law Enforcement Information System
LEOS Low Earth Orbiting Satellite
LF Low Frequency (30 - 300 KHz)
LHR Low Hop Rate
Link 11 A datalink system to exchange tactical data less than 5 seconds old
between ships using HF radio.
Link 16 A SHF Satellite system used between battle group commands for real
time tactical data. Distributed to battle group by Link 11
LL Local Loop
LMD Local Management Device
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LO Local Oscillator
LOC Limited Operational Capability
LOS Line of Sight
LPC Linear Predictive Coding
LPI Low Probability of Intercept
LSO Local Servicing Office
LUF Lowest usable frequency
LUT Local Users Terminal
M Million
MAISRC Major Acquisition System Review Council
MAP Manual Assist Position, a PC used to access the Thrane & Thrane SITOR
equipment for message processing.
MBA Multi-Beam Antenna
MBPS MegaBits Per Second (BPS x 1,000,000)
MBS Multi-year Budget Strategy
MCM Multi-Chip Module
MCW Modulated Continuous Wave.
MDR Medium Data Rate (Tx rate 4800-1.544 Mbps)
MDT Message Distribution Terminal, a Zenith PC used for office automation.
Coast Guard uses it on the AUTODIN/NAVCOMPARS circuits for connectivity to DOD
message system.
MEGACOM AT&T MEGACOM 800 Service for large WATS customers
MEK Message Encryption Key
MF Medium Frequency (300 - 3000 KHz)
MFSK Multiple Frequency Shift Keying
MHz MegaHertz (millions of cycles per second)
MIL-COM Commercial contractor that does the majority of installation work
for NAVELEX both ship and shore.
MILNET Military Network - unclassified segment of DDN
MILSATCOM Military Satellite Communications - A DOD UHF military satellite
system for transmission of voice, data and imagery.
MILSTAR MILitary STrategic And Relay (Satellite)
MIMIC Microwave/Millimeter Wave Monolithic Integrated Circuit
MISSI (NSA's) Multilevel Information Systems Security Initiative - MISSI
products provide: writer-to-reader info security services including data
integrity, access control, authentication, non-repudiation and
confidentiality. Support for e-mail, file transfer, remote login, database
mgmt. Compatibility w/commercial computing & networking technology. Protection
against unauthorized disclosure or modification of information while allowing
integration of systems w/different sensitivity levels.
MFCW Medium Frequency Morse CW (400-512 KHz)
MLA Mail List Agent (in DMS) - e-mail "exploder" for e-mail sent to a
distribution list.
MLS Multi-Level Security
MMDF-II Multichannel Memorandum Distribution Facility
MMS Multi-level Mail Server
MNS Mission Needs Statement
MODEM Modulator-Demodulator combination
MOSAIC Message Security Protocol, NSA owned/produced government furnished
software provided to vendors for "multi-level secure architechture",
public/private data encryption key. A "workstation product" using NSA "Type
II" algorithm, provides security services for sensitive but unclassified (SBU)
electronic mail.
MROC Multi-command Required Operational Capability
MSK Minimal Shift Keying
MSP Message Security Protocol (w/DMS)
MTA Message Transfer Agent (DMS)
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
MTDS Message Transfer Distribution System (now called ITDS)
MTTR Mean Time to Repair
Multimedia The ability to process audio, video, text, graphics and fax.
Multiple A local device that allows one audio source input to generate
outputs to multiple transmitters.
MUX Multiplex(er)
NAVCAMS US Naval Communications Area Master Station
NAVCOMPARS NAVy COMmunications Processing And Routing System used for
sending secure message to AUTODIN from ship, stations or mobile units.
NAVTEX NAVigational TEXt, an international broadcast on 518 KHz that
provides the mariner a printed copy of up to 26 different types of
information.
NB Narrowband
NBAM Narrowband Amplitude Modulation
NBFM Narrowband Frequency Modulation
NCA National Command Authority
NCCS Network Communications & Control Station
NCTS Naval Computer & Telecommunications Station
NEACP National Emergency Airborne Command Post
NEC Numeric Electromagnetics Code
NES Network Encryption System (NOT NINTENDO Entertainment System)
NESP Navy EHF Satellite Program
Network The pieces & parts of a communications system that connect computing
devices.
Network Management The process of managing the devices and software
within a network. This may include phone lines,
fiberoptic cables, radios, satellite services,
repeaters, bridges, routers, gateways, etc.
NIC Network Information Center (Internet)
N-ISDN Narrow-band Integrated Services Digital Network
NIST National Institute of Science & Technology (old National Bureau of
Standards)
NLSP Network Level Security Protocol
NMA Communications Station Miami, FL Radio call sign.
NMC CAMSPAC San Francisco, CA Radio call sign.
NMCC National Military Command Center
NMCS National Military Command System
NMF Communications Station Boston, MA Radio call sign.
NMG Communications Station New Orleans, LA Radio call sign.
NMN CAMSLANT Portsmouth, Va Radio call sign.
NMO Communications Station Honolulu, HI Radio call sign.
NNI Network to Network Interface
NOAA National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration
NODE termination point for two or more communication links
NOJ Communications Station Kodiak, AK Radio call sign.
NPR Noise-Power Ratio
NRV Communications Station Guam Radio call sign.
NWS National Weather Service
OC-3 155 MBs optical "pipe"
OC-12 622 MBs optical "pipe" (ie: SONET)
OE Operating Expenses
OG-30 Operating Guide 30 - Operating & Maintenance Funds
(OG 30.19 [point account] for G-T projects)
OG-42 Operating Guide 42 - Repair & Replacement Funds
ON Organizational Notary
OPCEN Operations Center
Optical Fiber any filament or fiber made of dielectric materials and
consisting of a core (to carry laser generated light signals) and a
surrounding cladding that reflects the signal back into the core. May be glass
or plastic.
ORBCON A low earth orbiting satellite communications service provider.
ORD Operational Requirements Document
OSC USCG Operations Systems Center, Martinsburg, WV
OSI Open Systems Interconnection enables multivendor systems to
intercommunicate - protocol suite - X.400 message transfer agent (MTA), X.500
directory system agent (DSA)
OSI Stack Open Systems Interconnection - An international set of standard
protocols between end systems. The stack consists of seven layers:
(7) Application
(6) Presentation
(5) Session
(4) Transport
(3) Network
(2) Datalink
(1) Physical
Each layer has its own job and interface specification.
OTAR Over-The-Air-Rekey (of crypto equipment)
OTAT Over-The-Air-Transfer (of crypto keying material)
OTCIXS Officer Tactical Communications Information Exchange System, 2.4Kbps
Satellite system to exchange user friendly tactical data less than 10 minutes
old to users. Soon to be on all 270 WMEC and 378 WHEC.
P/P An abbreviation for either patch panel or Phone Patch.
PABX Private Automatic Branch EXchange for local telephone service.
Packet a unit of data, consisting of binary digits including data and
call-control signals, that is switched and transmitted as a composite whole.
Packet Switching a data-transmission technique whereby physical resources
on a path are switched on a per-packet basis, using control information in the
header of each packet; it can operate in either connection-oriented or
connectionless mode.
PBS Private Branch Exchange. A small or local phone switching service.
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PCMT Personal Computer Message Terminal
PDU Protocol Data Unit
Pipe Simply: A communications path.
PLA Plain Language Address
PM Phase Modulation
PMO Program Management Office
PMSP Pre-Message Security Protocol (w/DMS) - provides encryption, integrity
and non-repudiation for Unclassified-Sensitive E-mail
POC Proof of Concept
POM Porgram Objective Memorandum
POP Point of Presence
POTS Plain Old Telephone Service.
PP Project Plan
PPBES Planning, Programming, Budgeting, Evaluation System
PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency
PRT Packet Radio Terminal
Producer Push A concept where data is sent from producers to
users. As opposed to User Pull, where data is
retrieved by a user as required.
Protocol The rules and conventions between communicating processes.
PSK Phase Shift Keying
PSN Public Switched Network.
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network.
Public Network See "Cloud"
PVC Permanent Virtual Connection
"Q" Signals Operating signals used on both commercial and military
circuits. From International Telecommunications Union Radio Regulations.
QRY A CW "Q" signal meaning Your number is.
QUALCOM A geosynchronous satellite communications service provider.
QUERY A request for data from a remote data base.
R&D Research & Development
RAM Random Access Memory
RATT Radio Teletype
RCCOW Return Control Channel Orderwire
RCP Resource Change Proposal
RCS Receiver Control System
RD Routing Domain
RF Radio Frequency
RFL A manufacturer of FSK and VFCT type terminal modems for multiplexing.
RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computer
rlogin Remote Log-In
RLPA Rotatable Log Periodic Antenna
ROBUST The ability to operate, or degrade gracefully, under adverse or
damaged conditions.
ROM Read Only Memory
Router A process that connects homogeneous networks. A device used to
connect the wires from one or more networks together. Routers examine the
network address of each packet. Those packets that contain a network address
different from the originating PC's address are forwarded onto an adjoining
network. Routers also have network-management and filtering capabilities, and
many newer routers incorporate bridging capabilities as well. More expensive
and harder to install than a bridge.
ROW Return Orderwire
RRPSH Root Registry Public Signature key
RX Receiver
S/a Service/agency
S-band Frequency band from 1550 MHz - 5200 MHz
S/N Signal to Noise Ratio
SACS STU-III Secure Access Control System. The newest generation of secure
telephone for landline use with voice or data and is automatic answering.
SAFENET Survivable, Adaptable, Fiberoptic, Embedded network. A Navy standard
fiberoptic LAN.
SAG Secure Air to Ground, normally voice over specific HF Radio frequencies
using PARKHILL or ANDVT.
SAMPS Semi-Automated Message Processing System
SARSAT Search And Rescue SATellite
SATCOM Sattelite Communication
Satellite Frequency Bands (fixed)
BAND DESIGNATOR FREQUENCY
UHF UHF/DOD 235 - 322 MHz
335.4 - 399.9 MHz
L Commercial 1.53 - 1.6605 GHz (INMARSAT)
S Commercial/DOD 1.807 - 1.823 GHz Uplink
2.257 - 22773 GHz Downlink
C Commercial 5.925 - 6.425 GHz Uplink
3.7 - 4.2 GHz Downlink
X SHF/DOD 7.9 - 8.4 GHz Uplink
DCSC I - III 7.25 - 7.75 GHz Downlink
Ku Commercial 14.0 - 14.5 GHz Uplink
10.95 - 11.2 GHz Downlink any region
11.45 - 11.7 GHz Downlink any region
11.70 - 12.2 GHz Downlink region 2
Ka 17.7 - 20.2 GHz Uplink
27.0 - 30.0 GHz Downlink
EHF MILSTAR 44 GHz Uplink MILSTAR II
20GHz Downlink
SBU Sensitive But Unclassified
SCCN Secure Command & Control Network
SCF Satellite Control Facility
SCI(F) Sensitive Compartmented Information (Facility)
SCN System Control Network, an unclas voice circuit over HF Radio for Coast
Guard and Commercial vessel.
SCPC Single Channel Per Carrier
SCT Single Channel Transponder
SDH (CCITT) Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (aka: SONET) Worldwide digital
hierarchy for broadband transmission systems. 155 Mbps network to network
transport interface standard.
SDLS Satellite Data Link System
SDM Subrate Data Multiplexing
SDMA Space Division Multiple Access
SDN Secure Data Network, a SACS STU-III and SWS based system for secure
message transmission.
SDN Softward Defined Network
SDNS Secure Data Network System - (w/DMS) DOD/DON Secure network that provides
user to user security through Message Security Protocol (MSP)and Pre-Message
Security Protocol (PMSP). Message encryption from workstation to workstation.
SDS Satellite Data System
SERVER A process that answers a query.
SGLS Space (Satellite) to Ground Link System
SH System High
SHA Signature Hash Algorithm
SHF Super High Frequency (3 - 30 GHz or 3000 - 30000 MHz)
SINA Static Integrated Network Access
SITOR SImplex Teletype Over Radio, a narrow band direct printing teletype
using ARQ protocol for error free data communications from ship to ship or
ship to shore. Coast Guard sends SITOR navigational warnings broadcasts using
the FEC mode.
SMDS Switched Multi-megabit Data Service
SMEF System Management Engineering Facility
SMG SNS Mail Guard - used to control traffic between networks (ie. between a
Secret high and a SBU network to allow exchange of SBU information) (see SNS)
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SNS Secure Network Server - goes beyond SMG functionality - SNS will have
MOSAIC and CP capability allowing confidentiality for claslsified data to the
WSP workstation level.
SOM Start of Message
SONET Synchronous Optical Network
SOP Standard Operating Procedure
SOVT System Operation Verification Test
SOW Statement of Work
SP3 Security Protocol 3 (Network Layer)
SP4 Security Protocol 4 (Transport Layer)
SPWG Security Policy Working Group
SRD Site Routing Domain. A "local" physical area over which routing occurs.
(ie. base, CGC, etc.)
SS Spread Spectrum
SSA Solid State Amplifier
SSAMPS "Super" SAMPS: An automatic message processing system.
SSIX Submarine Satellite Information Exchange System
SSMA Spread Spectrum Multiple Access
SSR-1 Receive Only terminal for Fleet Broadcast
STU-III Secure Telephone Unit (3rd Generation) The newest generation of
secure telephone for landline. (Replaced the KY-71 STU-II)
SVC Secure Voice Conferencing
SVN Secure Voice Network, for ship to ship or ship to shore communications
over HF Radio using ANDVT.
SWS Standard Work Station
T1 Digital multiplexed carrier system provided by long distance carriers for
voice or data transmission that will handle up to 24 - 64Kb voice channels or
1.544 Mbps of unchannelized data. Equal to CCITT designation DS1. (T1 = 64Kb
x 24 DS0's = 1.536 Mbs + (8K overhead) = 1.544 Mbs = 1 DS1
T3 AT&T standard for dialed-up or leased line circuits. Digital multiplexed
carrier system that will handle up to 28 T-1's, 45 Mbps (44.736Mbps) of data.
Equal to CCITT designation DS3.
TAC Terminal Access Controller or Tactical Application Computer
TACSAT Tactical Satellite
TAIS Target Architechture & Implementation Strategy
TBD "T" Budget Database
TCC Telecommunications Center or Transportable Communications Center
TCF Technical Control Facility
TDM Time Division Multiplexing (fixed bandwidth)
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
Technology Insetion The process of upgrading or adding new technology
in a piece meal manner.
TEMP Test and Evaluation Master Plan
Terrestrial WAN A landbased data network that covers a large
geographic area.
TH Time Hopping
Thrane & Thrane The manufacturer of the SITOR modem used by the
Coast Guard CAMS/COMMSTAs. Sometimes called
TRONTRON's.
TISCOM USCG Telecommunications & Information Systems Command, Alexandria,
VA
TOPOLOGY A geometric or physical configuration of a communications network.
TR Trouble Report
TRANSEC Transmission Security
TRD Transit Routing Domain: A facility that connects site routing domains
through other transit routing domains.
TREE Transient Radiation Effects on Electronics
Trunk Facility between customer premise and LEC CO, and between carrier
CO's.
TS Top Secret
TTNR Test Tone to Noise Ratio
TTY Teletype
TX Transmitter
Type I crypto item that secures classified or unclassified sensitive data
Type II crypto item that protects sensitive but unclassified info only
Type 2 a standard PCMCIA interface
U Unclassified
UA User Agent (DMS)
UCT Unstructured Circuit Transport - transfer of bits at a constant rate
between two points
UET Unattended Earth Terminal
UHF Ultra-High Frequency (300-3000 MHZ)
UMS Universal Modem System
UNI User to Network Interface
UPS Uninterupptable Power Supply
User Pull A concept where data is retrieved by a user. (Opposite of Producer
Push.)
VAN Value Added Network - A packetl-switched network that offers high
reliability and such services as protocol conversion and data buffering.
VFCT Voice-Frequency Carrier Telegraph, a composite tone pack of up to 16
different data signals in a 3000Hz voice channel.
VGPL Voice Grade Private Line (analog)
VHF Very-High Frequency (30-300 MHZ)
VHSIC Very High Speed Integrated Circuit
Video Conferencing Using high spped data communications to establish
two-way television.
VLF Very Low Frequency
VLSI Very Large Scale Integration
VOBRA VOice BRoadcast Automation
VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal
W Watt
WAIS Wide Area Information Server
WAN Wide Area Network
WATS Wide Area Telephone Service
WB Wide Band
WBAM Wide Band Amplitude Modulation
WBFM Wide Band Frequency Modulation
WBS Work Breakdown Structure
WESTAR Western Union Satellite
WHCA White House Communications Agency
WORM Write Once, Read Many
WS Workstation
WSA Workstation Security Applique (aka: Applique) - converts COTS
workstations into "trusted" devices. Consists of a "WSP" and Security Monitor
software.
WSP Workstation Security Package (similar to MOSAIC but uses NSA "Type I"
crypto algorithm) provides security services for classified information. Uses
a PCMCIA card called "CP" (see CP).
WWABNCP World Wide AirBorne Command Post
WWMCCS World Wide Military Command & Control System
X-band Frequency Band from 5200 MHz to 10,900 MHz
X.25 A CCITT standard - A data packet format used to pass relatively low speed
data through communications networks. Error checking/ARQ is performed at each
node in the network.
X.121 CCITT terminal addressing scheme
X.400 CCITT/ISO Message Handling System (MHS) standard
X.500 CCITT/ISO Directory Service Standard
"Z" Signals Operating signals on Military communications circuits.
ZNI1 A Secure TTY position.
ZNI2 A unclas TTY position.
ZYB An administrative message. The ZYB is put after the date time group.
- glossary list created by USCG Telecommunication and Information Systems
Command, Alexandria VA.