4 April 2002
Source: http://usinfo.state.gov/cgi-bin/washfile/display.pl?p=/products/washfile/latest&f=02040301.tlt&t=/products/washfile/newsitem.shtml


US Department of State
International Information Programs

Washington File
_________________________________

03 April 2002

Counter-Terrorism, Bit by Bit, by Dr. Saul B. Wilen

(Op-ed column from The Washington Times 04/03/02) (1010)

(This is a byliner by Dr. Saul B. Wilen, who is a member of the U.S.
Secret Service's New York Electronic Crimes Task Force and the
Commerce Department's Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office Working
Group on Community Structure for Crisis Management, Planning,
Preparedness and Recovery. This column first appeared in The
Washington Times on April 03, 2002 and is in the public domain. No
republication restrictions.)

Counter-Terrorism, Bit by Bit
by Dr. Saul B. Wilen

Consider what might be called the Washington Mall Scenario. Several
nuclear "dirty" suitcase bombs are detonated between the Washington
Monument and the Lincoln Memorial. The result: No humans could be
permitted on this land and the surrounding radius of several miles
(almost the entire city of Washington) for hundreds of years (U.S.
Department of Energy information on radiation impact). This is no
fantasy, and it highlights the marked limitations of our nation's
strategy based primarily on responding to terrorism.

The awakening of September 11 put America's vulnerabilities and
weaknesses into sharp perspective. The approaches instituted to date
(codified in the Patriot Act) are primarily reactive in nature,
waiting for terrorist events to occur and then responding through
disaster preparedness and crisis management.

Disaster preparedness and reactive interventions are necessary and
should be supported. But the present equation for terrorist prevention
and preparedness is markedly out of balance. Knowing the futility of a
reactive strategy, terrorist expert after terrorist analyst after
terrorist consultant can now be heard saying that the major focus of
our efforts must be prevention of terrorism.

America does not have the resources to employ primarily a reactive
strategy. The Federation of American Scientists has warned, since the
1970s, that the United States is unable to handle the casualties of
even a modest nuclear attack on a handful of urban targets
simultaneously. Our lack of experience with mass quarantine enhances
our vulnerability to terrorist-caused smallpox virus exposures in
multiple, distant population centers. Consequently, millions of people
would have to be quarantined.

Our resources to react to the release of toxic chemicals into the
subway systems of several cities would quickly be exhausted. The
medical experts at the St. Luke's International Hospital in Tokyo,
Japan, who treated large numbers of the 1995 Sarin gas victims, have
estimated that, if the terrorists used undiluted Sarin gas, the attack
would have resulted in thousands and thousands of deaths and injuries,
far beyond any capability for an effective response.

The antiquated information systems being used by the Immigration and
Naturalization Service (INS) actually interfere with its vital role in
prevention and protection. How many other agencies are similarly
hampered? Had the towers of the World Trade Center fallen over as was
expected by Osama bin Laden, instead of imploding, the human and
physical devastation would have been beyond our ability to ever
respond. The general economic impact of terrorist attacks and threats
diverts our resources and undermines our economic stability.

American society has historically been reactive, waiting for a
cataclysmic event and then rallying support to create the needed
response. But this support soon wanes, and America returns to
complacency. The September 11 tragedies exposed our vulnerability and
led President George W. Bush to declare a global "war on terrorism."
Direct military confrontation to mortally wound terrorism will take
many years with no assurance of accomplishment. What must be done
differently? We must institute terrorism prevention now.

Prevention will be accomplished by molding our unique ability to
mobilize technology, use information optimally, create effective
communication, employ education, and apply our physical resources into
the weapon to defeat terrorist threats. We have the information we
need -- but it is not integrated to be of real use.

The prevention weapon consists of computer-based systems that utilize
the multiple existing databases -- many housed in different government
agencies -- domestically and globally in real-time. Information will
continue to be gathered, incorporated and shared on multiple levels.
The new and unique horizontal integration technology allows the data
to be subdivided immediately into essential elements for evaluation to
support effective decision-making and action. The information
presently stored in the multiple agency and entity databases, such as
that relating to terrorist attacks, government buildings, and
biological agents, would be merged into a functional
"one-source-reservoir" used by these agencies for strategic prevention
analysis. This technology exists now and can be readily implemented.
But the job, logical as it seems, has yet to be done, while future
terrorist attacks are being planned. There is no time to wait.

Current database systems use vertical data access whereby the data is
not connected, but is separated into individual data blocks. These can
only be accessed one block at a time. Horizontal data integration
accesses and merges the information resulting in detecting the early
trends in real-time that unmask terrorists, terrorist activities, and
their threats. This horizontal process allows for prevention and has
applications for the Office of Homeland Security, the Immigration and
Naturalization Service, Federal Emergency Management Agency, the
Department of Defense, Department of Justice, Department of
Transportation, Department of Commerce, Health and Human Services,
FBI, Department of Agriculture, CIA, municipalities and states.

This is the time for clear thought and decisive action. We must learn
from history and seize the opportunity to institute prevention as a
full and equal component in our planning and strategies, provide the
necessary education for all Americans, establish meaningful and valid
communication among all responsible agencies and entities, and
motivate cooperation for the present and the future. As America
continues to target terrorism we need leadership to guarantee that the
principles of prevention be applied to create enduring, positive
results, thereby assuring security for future generations.

(Dr. Saul B. Wilen is a member of the U.S. Secret Service's New York
Electronic Crimes Task Force and the Commerce Department's Critical
Infrastructure Assurance Office Working Group on Community Structure
for Crisis Management, Planning, Preparedness and Recovery.)

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Department of State. Web site: http://usinfo.state.gov)